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Law, evidence and financial crime — explained.

Cybercrime, landmark judgments, AML and digital evidence. New posts every week.

Technical schematic illustrating the attack chain of PromptLock using a local LLM to dynamically generate malicious Lua scripts by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
Cybersecurity Insights7 min read

PromptLock: The First AI-Powered Ransomware and What It Means for the Future of Cyber Threats

This is not speculative. It is real. PromptLock is the first ransomware that uses an AI model to generate its malicious code…

Strategic flowchart detailing the structural pillars of ARIFAC uniting banks, fintechs, and VDASPs to fortify India's AML/CFT framework. by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
AML-News-Regulations6 min read

ARIFAC: India’s New Industry-Led Platform to Strengthen the AML/CFT Ecosystem

The Alliance of Reporting Entities in AML/CFT brings together banks, NBFCs, fintechs, payment firms, insurers, and virtual digital asset service providers to…

Tactical flowchart detailing India's transition to the FATF Vice-Presidency and its impact on global AML/CFT policy frameworks by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
AML-News-Regulations7 min read

India Secures Historic FATF Vice-Presidency: A Milestone in Global Financial Governance

For the first time in its 37-year history, India has been elected to the Vice-Presidency of the Financial Action Task Force, the…

Legal flowchart detailing the insolvency resolution process against a personal guarantor from Section 95 to Section 100 under the IBC by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
Corporate & Business Law:7 min read

SBI v. Anil Dhirajlal Ambani: NCLT Mumbai Admits Section 95 Application Against Personal Guarantor

The Tribunal held that the RP’s report under Section 99 is only recommendatory. The adjudicatory function begins before the Adjudicating Authority under…

Legal flowchart detailing how the Supreme Court pierces the corporate shield to hold authorized signatories personally liable under Section 138 NI Act by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
Landmark Judgments (SC/HC)7 min read

K. Ranganayakulu v. State of Telangana (2026): Supreme Court Clarifies Liability of Authorized Signatories in Cheque Bounce Cases

Can an authorized signatory escape liability under Section 138 merely because he is not the owner or chairman? The Supreme Court says…

Legal flowchart detailing the shift from platform intermediary safe harbour to direct publisher liability for AI Overviews by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
Cyber Law & Digital Privacy6 min read

Google Held Liable for AI Hallucinations: When AI Gets It Wrong, Who Pays the Price?

A landmark decision from the Munich Regional Court in Germany may have just reshaped the future of AI liability. The era of…

Legal diagram illustrating the Double Presumption of Innocence shielding an acquitted defendant from mechanical appellate reversals by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
Landmark Judgments (SC/HC)6 min read

Double Presumption of Innocence: When Can an Acquittal Be Overturned?

The Supreme Court of Pakistan has delivered a powerful reaffirmation of core criminal law principles that every law student and practitioner should…

Legal diagram illustrating the semantic connection between the trademark Rajdhani and its English translation Capital under Indian IP law by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
Intellectual Property8 min read

When “Capital” Means “Rajdhani”: The Delhi High Court Expands Trademark Protection to Translations

A recent ruling by the Delhi High Court has reaffirmed that a registered trademark can be infringed not only by identical or…

Graphical representation of the AMLA ongoing monitoring lifecycle, transitioning from static reviews to active data telemetry by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
AML-News-Regulations6 min read

AMLA Ongoing Monitoring Guidelines: The New Data Freshness Standard

Passive periodic review workflows are no longer acceptable. Data freshness is now the core metric of compliance health. Introduction Passive periodic review…

Tactical compliance schematic illustrating the cross-border regulatory offensive targeting professional football networks by Adv. Shoeb Hakim
AML-News-Regulations7 min read

Football AML Battleground: Cross-Border Regulatory Crackdowns

In less than two months, authorities in the EU, UK, and US have all issued warnings or announced measures highlighting financial crime…

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